综合医院糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件的调查分析简
综合医院糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件的调查分析简
·护理管理·【作者单位】 430070 湖北武汉,解放军武汉总医院内分泌科(孙慧伶、张 瑜、史逸秋、唐娇艳、易晓丹、乐 岭);武汉大学公共卫生学院(马 露)【通讯作者】 马 露, E - mail : malu@whu.edu.cn综合医院糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件的调查分析孙慧伶,张 瑜,史逸秋,唐娇艳,易晓丹,乐 岭,马 露 【摘要】 目的 调查综合医院住院糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件。方法 采用随机抽样方法抽取全院 280 例糖尿病患者,通过自制的注射胰岛素行为问卷,调查患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件发生情况。结果 患者不规范的注射行为主要有:每次注射后未及时更换针头( 80.71% )、注射后针尖和皮表发生漏液(48.21% 和 38.21% )、遗漏注射胰岛素( 39.64% )、注射部位未进行过小轮换(19.29% )、注射后针头停留时间过短( 17.50% )、注射部位未进行过大轮换( 16.07% )、注射胰岛素前未进行混匀(15.71% )、注射前未进行皮肤消毒操作( 8.21% )、隔着衣物注射药物( 1.07% )等。不良事件中护士打错胰岛素不良事件,皮下增生、疼痛、出血或瘀伤的发生率分别为35.4% , 39.4%和56.6% ;二分类logistic回归分析提示,注射部位规范轮换是皮下增生的保护性因素;年龄、避开有结节的注射部位以及内分泌专科治疗是疼痛的保护性因素;内分泌专科治疗也是发生出血或瘀伤的保护性因素。结论 注射胰岛素不良事件发生与患者的自我注射行为规范、年龄、内分泌专科治疗等因素相关,医护人员应予以充分认识,并重视对其提供针对性教育干预。【关 键 词】 糖尿病;胰岛素注射;不良事件【中图分类号】 R587.1 【文献标识码】 A doi :10.13730 / j.issn.1009 - 2595.2017.02.015Investigation and Analysis on Self - injection Behaviors and Adverse Events of Insulin Injection in Diabetic Patients in GeneralHospitalSUN Hui - ling ,ZHANG Yu综合医院糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件的调查分析简, SHI Yi -qiu, TANG Jiao -yan,YI Xiao - dan , YUE Ling , MA Lu . Department of Endocri -nology , Wuhan General Hospital of Chinese People ' s Liberation Army , Wuhan Hubei 430070 , ChinaCorresponding author : MA Lu , E - mail : malu @ whu . edu . cn【 Abstract 】 Objective To investigate the self- injection behaviors and adverse events of insulin injection of diabeticpatients in general hospital.Methods A total of 280 diabetic patients in the whole hospital were extracted through randonsampling method.A self- designed questionnaire of insulin injection was used to investigate the self - injection behavior andoccurrence of adverse events.Results The non - standard injection behavior of diabetic patients mainly included : not re -palced needles in time after each injection ( 80.71% ), liquid leakage from the point of needle and skin surface ( 48.21%and 38.21% ), injection omission ( 39.64% ), injection site without small rotation ( 19.29% ), shorter duration of needleretention ( 17.50% ), injection site without large rotation ( 16.07% ), non - mixing insulin before injection ( 15.71% ), notskin disinfection before injection ( 8.21% ), insulin injection through clothing ( 1.07% ), etc.In the adverse events , the in -cidences of subcutaneous hyperplasia ,pain, bleeding and bruising were 35.4% , 39.4% ,56.6%护士打错胰岛素不良事件, respectively.Binary lo -gistic regression analysis showed in the following.The rotation of injection site was the protective factor of subcutaneoushyperplasia.Age , avoidance of injection into nodules and in the endocrine specialist were protective factors of pain.In theendocrine specialist was the protective factor of bleeding or bruising incidence ,too.Conclusion The adverse events inci-dences of insulin injection is related to the standardization of self - injection behavior护士打错胰岛素不良事件, age and in the endocrine specialist.Medical staffs should be fully understand and pay enough attention to providing individuality educational intervention.【Key words 】 Diabetic ; Insulin injection ; Adverse events 糖尿病为临床常见慢性疾病,胰岛素治疗是糖尿病患者控制血糖的重要手段。据调查,中国接受胰岛素治疗患者中,血糖达标率只有37%[ 1 ] ,而患者对胰岛素注射技术的掌握不到位可能是重要原因之一 [2 ] 。有研究表明,患者胰岛素注射技术不规范现象普遍存在综合医院糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素行为及不良事件的调查分析简,从而影响胰岛素疗效,影响血糖达标 [3 ] 。与此同·3 2 1· 华南国防医学杂志 2017 年 2 月 28 日 第 31 卷 第 2 期 Mil Med J S Chin , Vol.31 , No.2 , February 28 , 2017